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He[a] opened the shaft of the abyss and smoke rose out of it[b] like smoke from a giant furnace. The[c] sun and the air were darkened with smoke from the shaft. Then[d] out of the smoke came locusts onto the earth, and they were given power[e] like that of the scorpions of the earth. They[f] were told[g] not to damage the grass of the earth, or any green plant or tree, but only those people[h] who did not have the seal of God on their[i] forehead.

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Footnotes

  1. Revelation 9:2 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
  2. Revelation 9:2 tn Grk “the shaft,” but since this would be somewhat redundant in English, the pronoun “it” is used here.
  3. Revelation 9:2 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
  4. Revelation 9:3 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the vision.
  5. Revelation 9:3 tn See BDAG 352 s.v. ἐξουσία 2, “potential or resource to command, control, or govern, capability, might, power.”
  6. Revelation 9:4 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
  7. Revelation 9:4 tn The dative indirect object (αὐταῖς, autais) was converted into the subject (“they”) as this more closely approximates English usage. The following ἵ῞να (hina) is taken as substantival, introducing a direct object clause. In this case, because it is reported speech, the ἵνα is similar to the declarative ὅτι (hoti).
  8. Revelation 9:4 tn Grk “men”; but ἄνθρωπος (anthrōpos) is used in a generic sense here of both men and women.
  9. Revelation 9:4 tn The article τῶν (tōn) has been translated as a possessive pronoun here (ExSyn 215).